How to Choose a Connector for Graphic LCD

LCDs have stood the test of time and remain a popular choice today. Almost eight in ten homes have a smart TV, and a large portion of these are made up of LCDs.

One of the key reasons for the continued popularity of LCDs is how customizable they are. Graphic LCDs can be tailored to meet the specific needs of various applications. This makes them such a versatile option for a very wide range of products.

If you’re planning to incorporate a graphic display into your product, you will want to know what connector to use. This component is essential for connecting the LCD seamlessly to the main PCB of your assembly and can depend on many different factors of the application.

Here’s a complete guide about how to choose a connector for graphic LCDs.

Understanding Graphic LCDs

LCDs, or Liquid Crystal Displays, are a type of flat panel display technology that we see on lots of devices we use today. They work by using liquid crystals that align to block or allow light through. This is what allows it to create images. These displays are known for their energy efficiency and ability to produce clear and sharp images.

Graphic LCDs are a specific type of LCD that can display complex graphics and images. They differ from character LCDs, which are limited to alphanumeric characters and simple symbols. Graphic LCDs offer a more flexible grid of pixels to display more intricate images, use custom fonts, and provide detailed visual information.

While these may seem outdated compared to modern color displays, the monochromatic displays that graphic LCDs produce have their own unique advantages. 

Monochromatic screens thrive in low-power applications because they consume much less power, making them ideal for battery-powered devices. They also offer excellent readability in more challenging lighting conditions, making them great when used under direct sunlight. 

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Types of Connectors to Consider for Graphic LCDs

There are several types of connectors commonly used for LCDs, and each has its own set of benefits and applications. Let’s go over each in detail. 

ZEBRA Strips

ZEBRA strips, also known as elastomeric connectors or elastomer strips, are commonly used for surface mount connections in LCDs. These connectors consist of a flexible insulation strip with alternating conductive lines – and these resemble zebra stripes, hence the name.

Elastomeric connectors can be used instead of hardwires, making them ideal for testing and prototyping displays as they don’t require permanent pin connections. They are also suitable for thin, compact designs where space is limited. This makes them a cost-effective alternative to metal pins or ZIF connectors.

FPC/FFC Connectors

Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) and Flexible Flat Circuit (FFC) cables are widely used to access the internal circuitry of displays. These connectors reduce the area required for interfacing with a display and can be integrated into Printed Circuit Board (PCB) connectors quickly and easily.

The flat, bendable material of FPC cables is also able to insulate the conductive wires connected to the LCD, which makes them a great choice for compact devices. 

Through Holes

Often used for LCDs with external PCB controller circuits, through holes provide connections through small holes on the PCB. This connection type includes conductive metal holes that can be soldered or connected using a bezel.

Through holes are beneficial for prototyping because of their standard pitch and wide range of connection options. However, they might be less suitable for compact enclosures since they need more space and will need a hardwire solder connection.

Metal Pins

As the name implies, metal pins connect to the display with pre-mounted metal pins. Metal pins are great for prototyping, especially for applications with standard pin mappings.

This connection type is less versatile since the pins are hardwired and require unsoldering to be moved.

Heat Seal

Heat seal connectors use a flexible cable heated and sealed to a display’s interface ports. This connection type involves using heat seal paper adhered to the display with conductive glue and sealed with heat.

These connectors are very reliable for hinged applications, such as calculators and military-grade devices, where the display is mounted at a different angle than the port. And while these are similar in cost to other connection types and less expensive than FPC connections, heat seal connections are permanent and cannot be removed or reused once applied.

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Choosing a Graphic LCD Connector

Choosing the right connector for a graphic LCD is important so that it works seamlessly when integrated with your product and performs its best. These are the most common factors to consider when picking the right one.

Electrical Requirements

First off, the voltage inputs and current specifications of the connector you plan to use must align with the LCD module and the rest of the system. Using a connector that can’t handle the required electricity can lead to malfunctions or cause damage to the components.

Signal integrity is equally important. This refers to the preservation of the signal’s quality as it travels through the connector. Poor signal integrity can result in data errors, flickering displays, and reduced performance. 

Mechanical Requirements

The mechanical requirements involve the physical attributes of the connector. One key aspect is to consider is the connector size and footprint, which must fit within the design constraints of your device. The connector needs to be the right size so that it can be properly mounted and secured without interfering with other components.

There are different mounting styles, like surface mount, through-hole, and board-to-board connectors. Each style has its own set of benefits and limitations, so the choice will depend on how you need it to work, including how easy it is to assemble and mechanical stability.

Environmental Considerations

You also need to consider the environment where you’re going to use the screen, especially in harsh conditions. The temperature range, for instance, lets you determine which can stand up to extreme heat or cold.

Vibration and shock resistance, particularly for applications in industries like mining, are also factors to consider. In these industries, equipment will be subject to constant movement and impact, so the connectors need to be robust enough to handle these stresses without failing.

Connectors used in outdoor or industrial settings must also be sealed or designed to prevent moisture from getting in, as this can lead to corrosion and electrical shorts. 

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Wrapping Up

The best connector for your graphic LCD can make a major difference in the performance, reliability, and ease of integration of your device. 

Finding the right partner for your manufacturing needs is equally crucial. Focus LCDs is one of the most trusted names in the industry, with experienced designers ready for whatever you need.

If you’re uncertain about which connector to choose for your display, we’re here to help. Reach out to us today for expert recommendations.

Investing time in selecting the appropriate connector and partnering with a reliable manufacturer will pay off in the long run. Take a closer look at your design requirements, evaluate the options available, and choose the connector that best fits your graphic LCD.